Abstract
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is associated with high mortality among transplant recipients. Comparative data that define humoral responses to the Oxford-AstraZeneca (AZ) and BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccines are limited.
Methods: We recruited 920 kidney transplant patients receiving at least 1 dose of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccine, excluding patients with virus pre-exposure. Serological status was determined with the COVID-SeroKlir ELISA (Kantaro-EKF Diagnostics). Patients with a corrected antibody level of <0.7 AU/mL were considered seronegative.
Results: Four hundred ninety-five AZ and 141 Pfizer patients had a sample analyzed after first dose and 593 after second dose (346 AZ versus 247 Pfizer). After first dose, 25.7% of patients seroconverted (26.6% AZ, 22.8% Pfizer). After second dose, 148 (42.8%) of AZ seroconverted compared with 130 (52.6%) of Pfizer (P = 0.02; hazard ratio, 1.48; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-2.06). When negative responders were excluded, Pfizer patients were shown to have significantly higher response than AZ patients (median 2.6 versus 1.78 AU/mL, P = 0.005).Patients on mycophenolate had a reduced seroconversion rate (42.2% versus 61.4%; P < 0.001; hazard ratio, 2.17) and reduced antibody levels (0.47 versus 1.22 AU/mL, P = 0.001), and this effect was dose dependent (P = 0.05). Prednisolone reduced the seroconversion from 58.2% to 43.6% (P = 0.03) among Pfizer but not AZ recipients. Regression analysis showed that antibody levels were reduced by older age (P = 0.002), mycophenolate (P < 0.001), AZ vaccine (versus Pfizer, P = 0.001), and male gender (P = 0.02). Sixteen of 17 serious postvaccine infections occurred to patients who did not seroconvert.
Conclusions: Both seroconversion and antibody levels are lower in AZ compared with Pfizer vaccinated recipients following 2 vaccine doses. Mycophenolate was associated with lower antibody responses in a dose-dependent manner. Serious postvaccine infections occurred among seronegative recipients.
【초록키워드】 Vaccine, coronavirus, vaccine doses, antibody, Antibody Response, Infection, Gender, virus, ELISA, BNT162b2, Pfizer, Seroconversion, Humoral response, male, Patient, Older age, Responder, Pfizer-BioNTech, seronegative, kidney transplant, Analysis, dose, Oxford-AstraZeneca, Regression, mycophenolate, Comparative, acute respiratory syndrome, 95% confidence interval, recipients, second dose, hazard ratio, dose-dependent manner, first dose, high mortality, seroconversion rate, recipient, seroconvert, AZ vaccine, shown, analyzed, occurred, recruited, receiving, reduced, median, was determined, seroconverted, significantly higher, were excluded, 【제목키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, AZD1222, Transplant, response, Pfizer-BioNTech, mRNA BNT162b2, Oxford-AstraZeneca,