Abstract
Two doses of Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine elicit robust severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-neutralizing antibodies with frequent adverse events. Here, by applying a high-dimensional immune profiling on 92 vaccinees, we identify six vaccine-induced immune dynamics that correlate with the amounts of neutralizing antibodies, the severity of adverse events, or both. The early dynamics of natural killer (NK)/monocyte subsets (CD16 + NK cells, CD56 high NK cells, and non-classical monocytes), dendritic cell (DC) subsets (DC3s and CD11c – Axl + Siglec-6 + [AS]-DCs), and NKT-like cells are revealed as the distinct cell correlates for neutralizing-antibody titers, severity of adverse events, and both, respectively. The cell correlates for neutralizing antibodies or adverse events are consistently associated with elevation of interferon gamma (IFN-γ)-inducible chemokines, but the chemokine receptors CCR2 and CXCR3 are expressed in distinct manners between the two correlates: vaccine-induced expression on the neutralizing-antibody correlate and constitutive expression on the adverse-event correlate. The finding may guide vaccine strategies that balance immunogenicity and reactogenicity.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; adverse events; cell dynamics; immune correlates; innate immunity; mRNA vaccine; neutralizing antibodies.
【저자키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, Neutralizing antibodies, Innate immunity, mRNA vaccine, adverse events, cell dynamics, immune correlates, 【초록키워드】 neutralizing antibody, Vaccine, coronavirus, reactogenicity, Neutralizing antibodies, antibody, severity, NK cells, chemokines, immune, Non-classical monocytes, mRNA, immune profiling, adverse event, expression, dendritic cell, BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, Pfizer/BioNTech, AXL, interferon gamma, CD16, dose, natural killer, acute respiratory syndrome, Neutralizing-antibody, CXCR3, CD56, vaccinees, CD11c, Cell, Neutralizing-antibody titers, robust, identify, expressed, elicit, subset, chemokine receptors CCR2, 【제목키워드】 reactogenicity, Immune cell,