Abstract
Virus-specific humoral and cellular immunity act synergistically to protect the host from viral infection. We interrogate the dynamic changes of virological and immunological parameters in 12 patients with symptomatic acute SARS-CoV-2 infection from disease onset to convalescence or death. We quantify SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in the respiratory tract in parallel with antibodies and circulating T cells specific for various structural (nucleoprotein [NP], membrane [M], ORF3a, and spike) and non-structural (ORF7/8, NSP7, and NSP13) proteins. Although rapid induction and quantity of humoral responses associate with an increase in disease severity, early induction of interferon (IFN)-γ-secreting SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells is present in patients with mild disease and accelerated viral clearance. These findings provide support for the prognostic value of early functional SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells with important implications in vaccine design and immune monitoring.
Keywords: Acute phase4; Antibodies; Convalescence; Humoral response; Longitudinal; T cell response.
【저자키워드】 antibodies, Humoral response, convalescence, longitudinal, T cell response, Acute phase4, 【초록키워드】 viral infection, antibody, disease severity, Vaccine design, interferon, Proteins, viral clearance, immune, T cell, ORF3a, cellular immunity, symptomatic, Patient, death, membrane, respiratory tract, Nsp7, change, T cell response, SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA, disease onset, humoral, Support, Prognostic value, Virological, acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, circulating, Host, implication, PROTECT, functional, increase in, accelerated, immunological parameter, SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell, with mild disease, 【제목키워드】 viral clearance, Mild, disease, COVID-19 patient, functional, SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell,