Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus has been rapidly spreading globally since December 2019, triggering a pandemic, soon after its emergence. While Iran was among the first countries confronted with rapid spread of virus in February 2020, no real-time SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome tracking in early phase of outbreak was performed in the country. To address this issue, we provided 50 whole-genome sequences of viral isolates ascertained from different geographical locations in Iran during March-July 2020. The corresponding analysis on origins, transmission dynamics and genetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 virus, represented at least two introductions of the virus into the country, constructing two major clusters defined as B.4 and B.1*. The first entry of the virus might have occurred around very late 2019/early 2020, as suggested by the time to the most recent common ancestor, followed by a rapid community transmission that led to dominancy of B.4 lineage in early epidemic till the end of June. Gradually, reduction in dominancy of B.4 occurred possibly as a result of other entries of the virus, followed by surge of B.1* lineages, as of mid-May. Remarkably, variation tracking of the virus indicated the increase in frequency of D614G mutation, along with B.1* lineages, which showed continuity till October 2020. The increase in frequency of D614G mutation and B.1* lineages from mid-May onwards predicts a rapid viral transmission that may push the country into a critical health situation followed by a considerable change in composition of viral lineages circulating in the country.
Keywords: COVID-19; Iran; SARS-CoV-2; phylogenetic study; whole genome sequencing.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Whole genome sequencing, Iran, phylogenetic study, 【초록키워드】 pandemic, Variation, Sequencing, SARS-CoV-2 virus, virus, Spread, Epidemic, Health, D614G mutation, outbreak, Transmission dynamics, Lineage, Cluster, community transmission, Viral transmission, genetic diversity, lineages, Critical, predict, Frequency, Analysis, Phylogenetic, early phase, geographical location, circulating, whole genome, while, triggering, Whole-genome sequence, whole-genome, country, defined, occurred, indicated, provided, was performed, suggested, increase in, reduction in, viral isolate, viral lineage, 【제목키워드】 outbreak, Evidence, independent, the epidemic,