Background Response patterns to allergen components among Japanese children have not been studied extensively. Objective Our aim was to examine the differences in sensitization patterns at ages 5 years and 9 years to identify longitudinal changes in the degree and patterns of sensitization in a birth cohort of Japanese children. Methods Our study enrolled 984 children at aged 5 years between 2008 and 2010, and 729 children aged 9 years between 2012 and 2014. Allergic diseases were assessed using the ISAAC and UK Working Party’s Diagnostic Criteria. Serum-specific IgE titers to allergen components were measured by multiplex array ImmunoCAP ISAC when the children were aged 5 and 9 years. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to characterize IgE sensitization to allergen components. Results The prevalence of allergic rhinitis increased considerably over time (10.6%–31.2%). Furthermore, the sensitization prevalence to allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) also increased from 57.8% at age 5 years to 74.8% at age 9 years. IgE sensitization prevalence to Der f 1 (mites) was 42.1% at age 5 years and 54.3% at age 9 years. Furthermore, children were highly sensitized to Cry j 1 (Japanese cedar) (32.8% at age 5 years and 57.8% at age 9 years). Principle component analysis showed that sensitization to PR-10 cross-reactive components was independent of sensitization to mite and that no children acquired sensitization to pollen before acquiring sensitization to mite. Conclusions The prevalence of allergic rhinitis and related allergen components increased from age 5 years to age 9 years in Japanese children.
【저자키워드】 Asthma, Cohort, IgE, Child, allergy, PC, principal component, atopic dermatitis, eczema, sensitization, rhinitis, wheeze, PCA, principal component analysis, Isaac, IgE, immunoglobulin E, ISAC, Prospective birth cohort, CCD, Cross-reactive carbohydrate determinant, CRD, Component-resolved diagnostics, HDM, House dust mite, ISAAC, The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood, ISAC, Immuno-solid-phase Allergen Chip, JECS, The Japan Environment and Children's Study, PR, Pathogenesis-related, sIgE, Allergen-specific IgE, UK, The United Kingdom, US, The United States,