Background Protection from severe disease and hospitalization by SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has been amply demonstrated by real-world data. However, the rapidly evolving pandemic raises new concerns. One pertains efficacy of adenoviral vector-based vaccines, particularly the single-dose Ad26.COV2.S, relative to mRNA vaccines. Main body We investigated the immunogenicity of Ad26.COV2.S and mRNA vaccines in 33 subjects vaccinated with either vaccine class 5 months earlier on average. After controlling for the time since vaccination, Spike-binding antibody and neutralizing antibody levels were higher in the mRNA-vaccinated subjects, while no significant differences in antigen-specific B cell and T cell responses were observed between the two groups. Conclusions A dichotomy exists between the humoral and cellular responses elicited by the two vaccine classes. Testing only for humoral responses to compare the durability of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced responses, as typically performed for public health and research purposes, is insufficient. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12916-022-02252-0.
【저자키워드】 Neutralizing antibodies, mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, Ad26.COV2.S, Antibody binding, Antigen-specific B cells, Antigen-specific T cells, 【초록키워드】 neutralizing antibody, public health, SARS-CoV-2, Efficacy, Vaccine, vaccination, immunogenicity, pandemic, Hospitalization, antibody, mRNA vaccine, protection, real-world data, mRNA vaccines, B cell, T cell, Testing, Humoral response, mRNA, T cell responses, Research, humoral responses, adenoviral vector, T cell response, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, cellular response, severe disease, humoral, Humoral and cellular responses, no significant differences, two groups, supplementary material, no significant difference, subject, average, Ad26, adenoviral vector-based vaccines, COV2.S, dichotomy, responses, raise, performed, investigated, subjects, demonstrated, elicited, 【제목키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, cellular response, humoral, adenoviral vector vaccine, elicited,