In 2008 in Japan, 15/60 captive Japanese macaques died. Clostridium tetani was isolated from 1 monkey, and 11 had tetanus-specific symptoms. We conclude the outbreak resulted from severe environmental C. tetani contamination. Similar outbreaks could be prevented by vaccinating all monkeys, disinfecting housing areas/play equipment, replacing highly C. tetani –contaminated soil, and conducting epidemiologic surveys.
All Keywords
【저자키워드】 zoonoses, outbreak, Japan, Bacteria, Tetanus, Clostridium tetani, Japanese macaque, Macaca fuscata,
【저자키워드】 zoonoses, outbreak, Japan, Bacteria, Tetanus, Clostridium tetani, Japanese macaque, Macaca fuscata,