Effects of feed supplementation with specific hen egg yolk antibody (immunoglobin Y) on Salmonella species cecal colonization and growth performances of challenged broiler chickens

Anti-Salmonella spp. egg yolk antibodies (IgY) simultaneously directed against Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium were tested to determine if their inclusion in feed decreased Salmonella spp. cecal colonization in experimentally infected broiler chickens. Egg yolk powder (EYP) was obtained by freeze-drying egg yolks containing anti-Salmonella spp. Immunoglobin Y was included in feed at 5 levels of concentration (0 to 5%). Feeds were formulated to similar nutrient levels and provided for ad libitum intake from d 1 to 28. Three days after initiation of feed treatments (d 4), chickens were co-challenged with equal numbers of Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium (2×10(6) cfu/bird). Cecal samples were recovered weekly over the experimental period (d 7 to 28) to enumerate Salmonella spp. The effect of anti-Salmonella spp. IgY feed supplementation on growth performance of infected chickens was also evaluated during the same period. In comparison with the positive control treatment (PC), treatments involving EYP (T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5), whether containing anti-Salmonella spp. IgY or not, significantly improved (P<0.05) the growth performance of challenged chickens, but without reaching the performance levels of nonchallenged chickens (NC1 and NC2). However, no link can be established between the enhancement in growth performance of challenged birds and their contamination levels by Salmonella because in-feed incorporation of EYP had no significant effect on cecal colonization by Salmonella. Furthermore, the comparison of the 5 anti-Salmonella spp. IgY concentration levels in feed did not reveal any anti-Salmonella spp. IgY concentration effect on growth performance and Salmonella cecal colonization. These results suggest that anti-Salmonella spp. IgY would undergo denaturation and degradation after their passage through the animal gastrointestinal tract and reveal that components of EYP other than specific antibodies have a beneficial effect on growth performance.