Abstract
Purpose: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is one of the most devastating global problems. Regarding the lack of disease-specific treatments, repurposing drug therapy is currently considered a promising therapeutic approach in pandemic situations. Recently, the combination therapy of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor baricitinib has been authorized for emergency COVID-19 hospitalized patients; however, this strategy’s safety, drug-drug interactions, and cellular signaling pathways remain a tremendous challenge.
Methods: In this study, we aimed to provide a deep insight into the baricitinib combination therapies in severe COVID-19 patients through reviewing the published literature on PubMed, Scopus, and Google scholar databases. We also focused on cellular and subcellular pathways related to the synergistic effects of baricitinib plus antiviral agents, virus entry, and cytokine storm (CS) induction. The safety and effectiveness of this strategy have also been discussed in moderate to severe forms of COVID-19 infection.
Results: The severity of COVID-19 is commonly associated with a dysregulated immune response and excessive release of pro-inflammatory agents, resulting in CS. It has been shown that baricitinib combined with antiviral agents could modulate the inflammatory response and provide a series of positive therapeutic outcomes in hospitalized adults and pediatric patients (age ≥ two years old).
Conclusion: Baricitinib plus the standard of care treatment might be a potential strategy in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19.
Keywords: Baricitinib; Cytokine storm; Janus kinase pathway; Repurposing drug therapy; Severe COVID-19.
【저자키워드】 Baricitinib, Cytokine storm, severe COVID-19., Janus kinase pathway, Repurposing drug therapy, 【초록키워드】 COVID-19, Treatment, Coronavirus disease 2019, pandemic, therapy, Hospitalized, severe COVID-19, combination therapy, repurposing, outcome, Drug-drug interactions, COVID-19 infection, severity of COVID-19, Antiviral agents, therapeutic, virus entry, Effectiveness, pathway, age, antiviral agent, inhibitor, Jak, moderate, cellular, Inflammatory response, Therapeutic approach, Janus kinase, Google, Standard of care, Pediatric patient, problems, dysregulated immune response, positive, pro-inflammatory, Effect, synergistic, shown, resulting, lack, form, hospitalized patient, modulate, subcellular, cellular signaling pathway, disease-specific treatments, severe COVID-19 patient, 【제목키워드】 Infection, inhibitor, Combination, Janus kinase, severe SARS-CoV-2,