Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a huge challenge worldwide. Although previous studies have suggested that type I interferon (IFN-I) could inhibit the virus replication, the expression characteristics of IFN-I signaling-related miRNAs (ISR-miRNAs) during acute severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and its relationship with receptor-binding domain (RBD) IgG antibody response at the recovery phase remain unclear. Methods Expression profiles of 12 plasma ISR-miRNAs in COVID-19 patients and healthy controls were analyzed using RT-qPCR. The level of RBD-IgG antibody was determined using the competitive ELISA. Spearman correlation was done to measure the associations of plasma ISR-miRNAs with clinical characteristics during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and RBD-IgG antibody response at the recovery phase. Results Compared with the healthy controls, COVID-19 patients exhibited higher levels of miR-29b-3p (Z = 3.15, P = 0.002) and miR-1246 (Z = 4.98, P < 0.001). However, the expression of miR-186-5p and miR-15a-5p were significantly decreased. As the results shown, miR-30b-5p was negatively correlated with CD4 + T cell counts (r = − 0.41, P = 0.027) and marginally positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose in COVID-19 patients (r = 0.37, P = 0.052). The competitive ELISA analysis showed the plasma level of miR-497-5p at the acute phase was positively correlated with RBD-IgG antibody response (r = 0.48, P = 0.038). Conclusions Our present results suggested that the expression level of ISR-miRNAs was not only associated with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection but also with RBD-IgG antibody response at the recovery phase of COVID-19. Future studies should be performed to explore the biological significance of ISR-miRNAs in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12985-021-01717-7.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, microRNA, RBD-IgG, IFN-I signaling pathway, 【초록키워드】 coronavirus disease, Coronavirus disease 2019, Clinical characteristics, antibody, SARS-COV-2 infection, Antibody Response, miRNA, Infection, ELISA, type I interferon, RT-qPCR, T cell, IgG antibody, miRNAs, Receptor-binding domain, Characteristics, RBD, IFN-I, virus replication, plasma, respiratory, correlation, expression, Glucose, COVID-19 patients, association, Coronavirus-2, Analysis, COVID-19 patient, acute respiratory syndrome, supplementary material, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Previous studies, expression level, profile, acute phase, healthy control, domain, healthy controls, expression profiles, acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, previous study, cell count, biological significance, Spearman, Future, controls, Result, shown, analyzed, performed, significantly, inhibit, exhibited, was determined, suggested, correlated, was done, positively correlated, the healthy, 【제목키워드】 Antibody Response, miRNA, IFN, plasma, association,