Abstract
Introduction: Smoking can play a key role in SARS-CoV-2 infection and in the course of the disease. Previous studies have conflicting or inconclusive results on the prevalence of smoking and the severity of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
Methods: Observational, multicenter, retrospective cohort study of 14,260 patients admitted for COVID-19 in Spanish hospitals between February and September 2020. Their clinical characteristics were recorded and the patients were classified into a smoking group (active or former smokers) or a non-smoking group (never smokers). The patients were followed up to one month after discharge. Differences between groups were analyzed. A multivariate logistic regression and Kapplan Meier curves analyzed the relationship between smoking and in-hospital mortality.
Results: The median age was 68.6 (55.8-79.1) years, with 57.7% of males. Smoking patients were older (69.9 [59.6-78.0 years]), more frequently male (80.3%) and with higher Charlson index (4 [2-6]) than non-smoking patients. Smoking patients presented a worse evolution, with a higher rate of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) (10.4 vs 8.1%), higher in-hospital mortality (22.5 vs. 16.4%) and readmission at one month (5.8 vs. 4.0%) than in non-smoking patients. After multivariate analysis, smoking remained associated with these events.
Conclusions: Active or past smoking is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in patients with COVID-19. It is associated with higher ICU admissions and in-hospital mortality.
Keywords: COVID-19; Hospitalizado; Hospitalized; Mortalidad; Mortality; SARS-CoV-2; Smoking; Tabaquismo.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Hospitalized, Mortality, smoking, Mortalidad, Hospitalizado, Tabaquismo., 【초록키워드】 coronavirus disease, Evolution, intensive care, Clinical characteristics, SARS-COV-2 infection, severity, hospital, discharge, ICU, Prevalence, male, Patient, ICU admission, multicenter, group, Admission, patients, in-hospital mortality, Smokers, readmission, Analysis, retrospective cohort study, Charlson index, Older, median age, multivariate logistic regression, poor prognosis, previous study, Spanish, Inconclusive, difference, males, independent, Course, analyzed, the patient, remained, the disease, events, were recorded, patients with COVID-19, 【제목키워드】 Evolution, positive, influence,