In the absence of a vaccine and other effective prophylactic or therapeutic countermeasures the severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains a significant public health threat. Attachment and entry of coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2 is mainly mediated by the spike glycoprotein. Here, we show that iota-carrageenan can inhibit the cell entry of the SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudotyped lentivirus in a dose dependent manner. SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudotyped lentivirus particles were efficiently neutralized with an IC 50 value of 2.6 μg/ml iota-carrageenan. Experiments with patient isolated wild type SARS-CoV-2 virus showed an inhibition of replication in a similar range. In vitro data on iota-carrageenan against various Rhino- and endemic Coronaviruses showed similar IC 50 values and translated readily into clinical effectiveness when a nasal spray containing iota-carrageenan demonstrated a reduction of severity and duration of symptoms of common cold caused by various respiratory viruses. Accordingly, our in vitro data on SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudotyped lentivirus and replication competent SARS-CoV-2 suggest that administration of iota-carrageenan may be an effective and safe prophylaxis or treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infections.
【초록키워드】 Treatment, SARS-CoV-2, Vaccine, coronavirus, severity, spike glycoprotein, SARS-CoV-2 virus, nasal, Prophylactic, Particle, Nasal spray, Prophylaxis, Replication, respiratory viruses, Severe acute respiratory syndrome, lentivirus, therapeutic, Patient, clinical effectiveness, Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus, iota-carrageenan, common cold, respiratory, wild type, SARS-CoV-2 infections, SARS-CoV-2 spike, Endemic, administration, dose, Safe, the cell, reduction, acute respiratory syndrome, attachment, cell entry, SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudotyped lentivirus, pseudotyped, public health threat, in vitro data, effective, neutralized, caused, inhibit, absence, demonstrated, translated, competent, duration of symptom, the SARS-CoV-2, 【제목키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, in vitro, viral replication, neutralize, inhibit,