Abstract
Purpose: To determine the association between low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) use and mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients consecutively enrolled from two major academic hospitals exclusively for COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, from January 26, 2020, to March 26, 2020. The primary outcome was adjusted in-hospital mortality in the LMWH group compared with the non-LMWH group using the propensity score.
Results: Overall, 525 patients with COVID-19 enrolled with a median age of 64 years (IQR 19), and 49.33% men. Among these, 120 (22.86%) were treated with LMWH. Compared with the non-LMWH group, the LMWH group was more likely to be older and male; had a history of hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease (CHD), or stroke; and had more severe COVID-19 parameters such as higher inflammatory cytokines or D-dimer. Compared with non-LMWH group, LMWH group had a higher unadjusted in-hospital mortality rate (21.70% vs. 11.10%; p = 0.004), but a lower adjusted mortality risk (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.20; 95% CI, 0.09-0.46). A propensity score-weighting analysis demonstrated similar findings (adjusted OR, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.10-0.30). Subgroup analysis showed a significant survival benefit among those who were severely (adjusted OR, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.02-0.23) and critically ill (adjusted OR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.15-0.65), as well as among the elderly patients’ age > 65, IL-6 > 10 times upper limit level, and D-dimer > 5 times upper limit level.
Conclusions: Among hospitalized COVID-19 patients, LMWH use was associated with lower all-cause in-hospital mortality than non-LMWH users. The survival benefit was particularly significant among more severely ill patients.
Keywords: COVID-19; In-hospital mortality; LMWH.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, in-hospital mortality, LMWH., 【초록키워드】 Mortality, severe COVID-19, IL-6, hospital, D-dimer, diabetes, hypertension, Retrospective study, survival, Critically ill, Patient, age, Inflammatory cytokine, association, mortality risk, Analysis, Coronary heart disease, CHD, Elderly patient, low molecular weight, Older, adjusted odds ratio, Primary outcome, hospitalized COVID-19 patients, 95% CI, in-hospital mortality rate, median age, severely ill patients, parameter, LMWH, men, benefit, limit, Wuhan, China, enrolled, conducted, treated, adjusted, determine, demonstrated, had more, IQR, patients with COVID-19, 【제목키워드】 heparin, weight, with COVID-19,