Abstract
Background: Mitigation strategies were implemented during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic that slowed the spread of this virus and other respiratory viruses. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of COVID-19 mitigation strategies on the medical services that children less than 1 year of age with acute bronchiolitis required (emergency department services, hospitalization, critical care services, and mechanical ventilation).
Methods: This was a retrospective observational cohort study utilizing TriNetX ® electronic health record (EHR) data. We included subjects less than 1 year of age with a diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis. After the query, the study population was divided into two groups [pre-COVID-19 (March 1st, 2019 until February 29th, 2020) and COVID-19 (March 1st, 2020 until February 1th, 2021)]. We analyzed the following data: age, sex, race, diagnostic codes, common terminology procedures (CPT), and antimicrobials administered.
Results: A total of 5063 subjects (n,%) were included [4378 (86.5%) pre-COVID-19 and 685 (13.5%) during the COVID-19 pandemic]. More subjects were diagnosed with acute bronchiolitis in the pre-COVID time frame (4378, 1.8% of all hospitalizations) when compared to the COVID-19 pandemic time frame (685, 0.5%). When diagnosed with acute bronchiolitis, the frequency of emergency department services, critical care services, hospitalization, and mechanical ventilationwere similar between the two cohorts.
Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, less infants were diagnosed with acute bronchiolitis but the frequency of emergency department services, hospitalization, and mechanical ventilation, reportedly required was similar. Longer-term studies are needed to evaluate the benefits of COVID-19 mitigation strategies on common viruses that require critical care.
Keywords: Bronchiolitis/epidemiology; COVID-19; Infection; Retrospective study.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, Infection, Retrospective study, Retrospective study., Bronchiolitis/epidemiology, 【초록키워드】 coronavirus disease, pandemic, Critical care, mechanical ventilation, Hospitalization, children, COVID-19 pandemic, diagnostic, Diagnosis, Sex, virus, antimicrobial, Infant, Spread, Health, hospitalizations, Mitigation, age, retrospective, Frequency, EHR, medical service, Observational cohort study, Frame, study population, subject, cohorts, terminology, COVID-19 mitigation, Administered, benefit, analyzed, evaluate, virus, diagnosed, required, less, two group, 【제목키워드】 pediatric, COVID-19 pandemic, diagnose, medical service, reported, provided,