Abstract
Background
Omicron was detected in South Africa for the first time at the month of November 2021, from then it expanded swiftly over the world, outcompeting other SARS-CoV-2 variants such as Delta. The toxicity, resistance to antiviral medicines, transmissibility, and vaccine-induced immunity of newly developed SARS-CoV-2 variants are major worldwide health concerns.
Aim of study
This study investigates the comprehensive explanation of all mutations and their evolutionary linkages between the Omicron variant and recently discovered SARS‐CoV‐2 variants.
Method
On Illumina MiniSeq Machine, 31 RNA isolates from clinical specimens were sequenced utilizing next-generation sequencing technique. Different bioinformatics tools have been used to analyze the mutations in omicron variant. A phylogenetic tree was constructed to determine Omicron’s evolutionary relationships with other variants.
Results
In our investigation, we discovered 79 distinct types of mutations in 31 fully vaccinated COVID-19 positive samples. Mostly mutations were found in non-spike region. According to the NJ approach of phylogenetic tree revels, the nearest variants were in the order listed, based on sequence identity: Omicron, Gamma, Alpha, Delta, Mu and Beta. On the other hand as per UPGMA approach, the Omicron variation creates a novel monophyletic clade that is distinct from previous SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Conclusion
Despite the fact that some of the mutations are prevalent in Omicron and other VOCs, there are several unique mutations that have been connected to the virus’s transmissibility and immune evasion, indicating a substantial shift in SARS-CoV-2 evolution.
【저자키워드】 spike, Lineage, non-structural protein, Phylogenetic, 【초록키워드】 COVID-19, Mutation, Antiviral, Variation, bioinformatics, variant, SARS-CoV-2 variant, Delta, Toxicity, omicron, virus, variants, RNA, SARS‐CoV‐2, immune evasion, South Africa, Health, Transmissibility, SARS-CoV-2 variants, Next-generation sequencing, VOCs, Gamma, clade, SARS-CoV-2 evolution, Omicron variant, Beta, Illumina, Phylogenetic tree, Vaccine-induced immunity, Medicines, other variants, sequence, specimen, machine, positive, isolate, approach, prevalent, Result, sequenced, determine, unique, evolutionary relationship, UPGMA, 【제목키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, India, omicron,