Abstract
Background and aims
New data has emerged regarding higher risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and its severity and complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, there is a dearth of evidence regarding type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This article explores the possibility of COVID 19 induced diabetes and highlights a potential bidirectional link between COVID 19 and T1DM.
Methods
A literature search was performed with Medline (PubMed), Scopus, and Google Scholar electronic databases till October 2020, using relevant keywords (COVID-19 induced diabetes; COVID-19 and type 1 diabetes; COVID-19 induced DKA; new-onset diabetes after SARS-CoV-2 infection) to extract relevant studies describing relationship between COVID-19 and T1DM.
Results
Past lessons and new data teach us that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses (SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2) can enter islet cells via angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptors and cause reversible β-cell damage and transient hyperglycemia. There have been postulations regarding the potential new-onset T1DM triggered by COVID-19. This article reviews the available evidence regarding the impact and interlink between COVID-19 and Τ1DM. We also explore the mechanisms behind the viral etiology of Τ1DM.
Conclusions
SARS-CoV-2 can trigger severe diabetic ketoacidosis at presentation in individuals with new-onset diabetes. However, at present, there is no hard evidence that SARS-CoV-2 induces T1DM on it’s own accord. Long term follow-up of children and adults presenting with new-onset diabetes during this pandemic is required to fully understand the type of diabetes induced by COVID-19.
【저자키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, Type 1 diabetes, ACE2 receptors, hyperglycemia, New-onset diabetes, β-cell damage, 【초록키워드】 COVID-19, coronavirus disease, coronavirus, pandemic, SARS-CoV, SARS-COV-2 infection, children, severity, Diabetes Mellitus, diabetes, database, Angiotensin converting enzyme-2, COVID 19, ACE-2, Patient, Complication, bidirectional, Follow-up, receptor, etiology, mechanism, Evidence, long term, Google Scholar, Diabetic, acute respiratory syndrome, higher risk, individual, highlight, Result, required, was performed, induce, triggered, presenting, New, diabete, islet cell, type 2 diabete, 【제목키워드】 COVID-19, diabetes, New, diabete,