Abstract
Background
This study aims to investigate the effect of recent influenza and pneumococcal vaccines’ administration on the development of COVID-19 infection in kidney transplant recipients during the pandemic.
Methods
The effect of influenza and pneumococcal vaccines on the clinical course of the disease in COVID-positive (COVID group, n: 105) and COVID-negative (control group, n: 127) recipients has been examined. The control group included patients with negative rRT-PCR test results. At the time of the study, no patient was vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine. The patients’ influenza and/or pneumococcal vaccination rates in 2019 and 2020 were determined. In 2019 and 2020, 32 and 33 people in the COVID-positive group and 61 and 54 people in the COVID-negative group had received influenza and/or pneumococcal vaccines, respectively. The median study follow-up times of the COVID-negative and COVID-positive groups were 13.04 and 8.31 months, respectively.
Results
Compared with the COVID-negative group, the patients in the COVID-positive group were younger and had a longer post-transplant time. In addition, the rate of transplantation from a living donor and the rate of COVID positivity in family members were also higher. The influenza vaccination rates in the COVID negative group were significantly higher than the COVID-positive group in 2020 (23.8% vs 37%, p = 0.031). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the presence of COVID-19 in family members and lack of pneumococcal vaccination in 2020 increased the risk of being positive for COVID-19. There was no significant difference in the hospitalization rates, the need for dialysis and intensive care, the hospital stay, and the graft dysfunction in the COVID-positive patients with and without influenza and pneumococcal vaccines.
Conclusion
The observations made throughout this study suggest that influenza and pneumococcal vaccination in transplant patients may reduce the risk of COVID-19 disease and provide additional benefits during the pandemic period.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, outcome, kidney transplant, Influenza and pneumoccal vaccine, 【초록키워드】 Vaccine, vaccination, pandemic, intensive care, Hospitalization, Vaccines, Influenza, COVID, Clinical course, COVID-19 infection, Patient, group, disease, Donor, kidney transplant recipient, administration, Hospital stay, observation, dysfunction, Logistic regression analysis, control group, no significant difference, multivariate, follow-up time, positive, recipient, rRT-PCR test, vaccination rate, pneumococcal, risk of COVID-19, benefit, Result, lack, examined, the patient, addition, the disease, median, significantly higher, reduce, increased the risk, need for dialysis, with COVID-19, 【제목키워드】 vaccination, Patient, pneumococcal,