Abstract
Levocetirizine, a third-generation antihistamine, and montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, exhibit remarkable synergistic anti-inflammatory activity across a spectrum of signaling proteins, cell adhesion molecules, and leukocytes. By targeting cellular protein activity, they are uniquely positioned to treat the symptoms of COVID-19. Clinical data to date with an associated six-month follow-up, suggests the combination therapy may prevent the progression of the disease from mild to moderate to severe, as well as prevent/treat many of the aspects of ‘Long COVID,’ thereby cost effectively reducing both morbidity and mortality. To investigate patient outcomes, 53 consecutive COVID-19 test (+) cases (ages 3–90) from a well-established, single-center practice in Boston, Massachusetts, between March – November 2020, were treated with levocetirizine and montelukast in addition to then existing protocols [2]. The data set was retrospectively reviewed. Thirty-four cases were considered mild (64%), 17 moderate (32%), and 2 (4%) severe. Several patients presented with significant comorbidities (obesity: n = 22, 41%; diabetes: n = 10, 19%; hypertension: n = 24, 45%). Among the cohort there were no exclusions, no intubations, and no deaths. The pilot study in Massachusetts encompassed the first COVID-19 wave which peaked on April 23, 2020 as well as the ascending portion of the second wave in the fall. During this period the average weekly COVID-19 case mortality rate (confirmed deaths/confirmed cases) varied considerably between 1 and 7.5% [37]. FDA has approved a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, Phase 2 clinical trial design, replete with electronic diaries and laboratory metrics to explore scientific questions not addressed herein.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, Anti-inflammatory, Long COVID, therapeutic, Montelukast, levocetirizine, 【초록키워드】 protocol, Phase 2, Comorbidity, combination therapy, Proteins, progression, FDA, anti-inflammatory activity, Laboratory, outcomes, Randomized, Protein, Cohort, clinical, Clinical trial design, Patient, Mild, second wave, morbidity and mortality, Follow-up, mortality rate, multicenter, Massachusetts, moderate, placebo-controlled, leukocytes, cellular, Signaling, deaths, COVID-19 test, adhesion molecules, Metrics, pilot study, COVID-19 case, average, single-center, treat, symptoms of COVID-19, Boston, Prevent, Cell, synergistic, intubations, leukotriene receptor antagonist, addition, peaked, the disease, approved, treated, question, reducing, Massachusett, addressed, positioned, 【제목키워드】 Treatment,