Abstract
Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic has emerged as a global health problem, associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 or with seasonal influenza in a teaching hospital in Belgium.
Methods
In this retrospective, single-center cohort study, 1384 patients with COVID-19 and 226 patients with influenza were matched using a propensity score with a ratio of 3:1. Primary outcomes included admission to intensive care unit (ICU), intubation rates, hospital length of stay, readmissions within 30 days and in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included pulmonary bacterial superinfection, cardiovascular complications and ECMO.
Results
Based on the analysis of the matched sample, patients with influenza had an increased risk of readmission within 30 days (Risk Difference (RD): 0.07, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.11) and admission to intensive care unit (RD: 0.09, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.15) compared with those with COVID-19. Patients with influenza had also more pulmonary bacterial superinfections (46.2% vs 7.4%) and more cardiovascular complications (32% vs 3.9%) than patients with COVID-19.However, a two-fold increased risk of mortality (RD: −0.10, 95% CI: 0.15 to −0.05) was observed in COVID-19 compared to influenza. ECMO was also more required among the COVID-19 patients who died than among influenza patients (5% vs 0%).
Conclusions
COVID-19 is associated with a higher in-hospital mortality compared to influenza infection, despite a high rate of ICU admission in the influenza group. These findings highlighted that the severity of hospitalized patients with influenza should not be underestimated.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, Mortality, Influenza, Outcome comparison, Propensity score matched analysis, 【초록키워드】 intensive care, COVID-19 pandemic, severity, hospital, Intubation rates, outcome, bacterial superinfection, ICU, cohort study, Health, Patient, ICU admission, ECMO, morbidity and mortality, Belgium, Admission, in-hospital mortality, readmission, retrospective, Analysis, COVID-19 patient, Seasonal influenza, cardiovascular complication, increased risk, influenza infection, single-center, secondary, difference, Result, died, required, hospitalized patient, patients with COVID-19, patients with influenza, with COVID-19, 【제목키워드】 hospital, outcome, Belgium, Analysis, patients with influenza,