Abstract
In December 2019, the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection broke. With the gradual deepening understanding of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, researchers and clinicians noticed that this disease is closely related to the nervous system and has complex effects on the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). In this review, we summarize the effects and mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 on the nervous system, including the pathways of invasion, direct and indirect effects, and associated neuropsychiatric diseases, to deepen our knowledge and understanding of the relationship between COVID-19 and the nervous system.
【저자키워드】 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Cytokine storm, multiple sclerosis, novel coronavirus disease, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, Spike protein, renin-angiotensin system, olfactory bulb, Post-traumatic stress disorder, Miller fisher syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, blood-brain barrier, Pattern recognition receptors, Central nervous system, cerebrospinal fluid, creatine kinase, myasthenia gravis, Guillain-barrè syndrome, Cerebral venous thrombosis, Acute necrotizing encephalopathy, Peripheral nervous system, Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, Acute motor axonal neuropathy, Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders, substantia nigra, intracranial hemorrhage, SARS-CoV-2severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, CNSCentral Nervous System, CDCCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, low molecular weight heparin, ACE2angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, LMWHlow molecular weight heparin, UFHunfractionated heparin, unfractionated heparin, RASRenin-angiotensin system, S Proteinspike protein, PTSDpost-traumatic stress disorder, ADAlzheimer's disease, ADRDAlzheimer's disease and related dementia, Alzheimer's disease and related dementia, AIDPacute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, AMANacute motor axonal neuropathy, AMSANacute motor sensory axonal neuropathy, acute motor sensory axonal neuropathy, ANEacute necrotizing encephalopathy, AT1 receptorAngiotensin Type 1 receptor, Angiotensin Type 1 receptor, BBBBlood-brain barrier, BLSbrain lymphatic systems, brain lymphatic systems, COVID-19novel coronavirus disease, CSCytokine storm, CSFcerebrospinal fluid, CVTCerebral Venous Thrombosis, CKcreatine kinase, CVScerebral venous system, cerebral venous system, DAMPdamage-related molecular patterns, damage-related molecular patterns, DMTdisease modification therapy, disease modification therapy, EMG/NCSElectromyography/nerve conduction, Electromyography/nerve conduction, GBSGuillain-Barré syndrome, ICHIntracranial hemorrhage, MFSmiller fisher syndrome, MGmyasthenia gravis, MSMultiple sclerosis, nAChnicotine-type acetylcholine, nicotine-type acetylcholine, NMOSDneuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders, OBOlfactory bulb, PNSPeripheral nervous system, PRRpattern recognition receptors, SNSubstantia nigra, VEVascular endothelium, Vascular endothelium, 【초록키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus, Diseases, knowledge, Infection, pathway, nervous system, Neuropsychiatric, disease, CNS, mechanism, Invasion, acute respiratory syndrome, clinician, complex, indirect effects, researcher, Effect, 【제목키워드】 COVID-19, mechanism, manifestation, nervous,