A deeper understanding of the molecular biology of SARS-CoV-2 infection, including the host response to the virus, is urgently needed. Commonalities exist between the host immune response to viral infections and cancer. Here, we defined transcriptional signatures of SARS-CoV-2 infection involving hundreds of genes common across lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (A549, Calu-3) and normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE), with additional signatures being specific to one or both adenocarcinoma lines. Cross-examining eight transcriptomic databases, we found that host transcriptional responses of lung adenocarcinoma cells to SARS-CoV-2 infection shared broad similarities with host responses to multiple viruses across different model systems and patient samples. Furthermore, these SARS-CoV-2 transcriptional signatures were manifested within specific subsets of human cancer, involving ~ 20% of cases across a wide range of histopathological types. These cancer subsets show immune cell infiltration and inflammation and involve pathways linked to the SARS-CoV-2 response, such as immune checkpoint, IL-6, type II interferon signaling, and NF-κB. The cell line data represented immune responses activated specifically within the cancer cells of the tumor. Common genes and pathways implicated as part of the viral host response point to therapeutic strategies that may apply to both SARS-CoV-2 and cancer.
【저자키워드】 Inflammation, Cancer, Infection, Tumour immunology, Data integration, Gene regulatory networks, lung cancer, 【초록키워드】 viruses, SARS-CoV-2, Tumor, viral infection, immune response, Molecular biology, IL-6, SARS-COV-2 infection, host response, virus, viral infections, immune, Immune cell infiltration, Viral, Host immune response, immune responses, Patient, Therapeutic strategies, pathway, lung adenocarcinoma, interferon signaling, epithelial cells, Host transcriptional response, Calu-3, therapeutic strategy, NF-κB, A549, Cancer cells, Pathways, similarity, host responses, the cell, Calu, cell line, adenocarcinoma, cell line data, NHBE, type II interferon, transcriptomic, Cell, model system, transcriptional, common, defined, eight, activated, histopathological, subset, manifested, implicated, bronchial epithelial cell, cancer cell, the SARS-CoV-2, 【제목키워드】 Host transcriptional response, reveal,