Abstract
Introduction
During the recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, circulating calprotectin (cCLP) gained interest as biomarker to predict the severity of COVID-19. We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of cCLP measured in serum, heparin, EDTA and citrate plasma.
Materials and methods
COVID-19 patients were prospectively included, in parallel with two SARS-CoV-2 negative control populations. The prognostic value of cCLP was compared with IL-6, CRP, LDH, procalcitonin, and the 4C-mortality score by AUROC analysis.
Results
For the 136 COVID-19 patients, cCLP levels were higher compared to the respective control populations, with significantly higher cCLP levels in serum and heparin than in EDTA or citrate. Higher cCLP levels were obtained for COVID-19 patients with i) severe/critical illness (n = 70), ii) ICU admission (n = 66) and iii) need for mechanical ventilation/ECMO (n = 25), but iv) not in patients who deceased within 30 days (n = 41). The highest discriminatory power (AUC [95% CI]) for each defined outcome was i) CRP (0.835 [0.755–0.914]); ii) EDTA cCLP (0.780 [0.688–0.873]); iii) EDTA cCLP (0.842 [0.758–0.925]) and iv) the 4C-mortality score (0.713 [0.608–0.818]).
Conclusion
Measuring cCLP in COVID-19 patients helps the clinician to predict the clinical course of COVID-19. The discriminatory power of EDTA and citrate plasma cCLP levels often outperforms heparin plasma cCLP levels.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, serum, pre-analytics, plasma, calprotectin, Prognostic value, 【초록키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, Biomarker, IL-6, SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, LDH, CRP, procalcitonin, outcome, Clinical course, severity of COVID-19, Patient, ICU admission, predict, COVID-19 patients, Analysis, Deceased, COVID-19 patient, AUC, clinician, help, EDTA, circulating, AUROC, material, populations, negative control, discriminatory power, Result, defined, highest, significantly higher, outperform, 【제목키워드】 Clinical course, EDTA, circulating,