Reptile-associated salmonellosis–selected states, 1998-2002

During 1998-2002, CDC received reports from state health departments regarding Salmonella infections in persons who had contact with reptiles (e.g., lizards, snakes, and turtles). Salmonella infections usually cause gastroenteritis but can result in invasive illness (e.g., septicemia and meningitis), especially in infants and immunocompromised persons. For decades, reptiles have been known as a source for salmonellosis; however, numerous reptile owners remain unaware that reptile contact places them and other household members, including children, at greater risk for salmonellosis. Increasing evidence suggests that amphibians (e.g., frogs, toads, newts, and salamanders) also can pose risks for salmonellosis in humans. This report describes cases of reptile-associated salmonellosis in six states, offers recommendations on preventing transmission of Salmonella from reptiles and amphibians to humans, and provides an update on state regulations mandating education at pet stores about salmonellosis.