Adaptive immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) dynamics remain largely unknown. The neutralizing antibody (NAb) levels in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are helpful for understanding the pathology. Using SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus, serum sample neutralization values in symptomatic COVID-19 patients were measured using the chemiluminescence reduction neutralization test (CRNT). At least two sequential serum samples collected during hospitalization were analyzed to assess NAbs neutralizing activity dynamics at different time points. Of the 11 patients, four (36.4%), six (54.5%), and one (9.1%) had moderate, severe, and critical disease, respectively. Fifty percent neutralization (N50%-CRNT) was observed upon admission in 90.9% (10/11); all patients acquired neutralizing activity 2–12 days after onset. In patients with moderate disease, neutralization was observed at earliest within two days after symptom onset. In patients with severe-to-critical disease, neutralization activity increased, plateauing 9–16 days after onset. Neutralization activity on admission was significantly higher in patients with moderate disease than in patients with severe-to-critical disease (relative % of infectivity, 6.4% vs. 41.1%; P = .011). Neutralization activity on admission inversely correlated with disease severity. The rapid NAb response may play a crucial role in preventing the progression of COVID-19.
【저자키워드】 antibodies, SARS-CoV-2, viral infection, 【초록키워드】 COVID-19, coronavirus disease, neutralizing antibody, pathology, Adaptive immunity, Coronavirus disease 2019, coronavirus, Hospitalization, neutralization, disease severity, progression, severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus, serum, Neutralizing activity, Pseudotyped virus, symptomatic, neutralization test, Patient, respiratory, disease, Admission, moderate, chemiluminescence, patients, NAb, Critical disease, COVID-19 patient, on admission, reduction, symptom onset, acute respiratory syndrome, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, moderate disease, different time points, NAbs, nAb response, neutralization activity, SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus, serum sample, analyzed, collected, correlated, significantly higher, were measured, patients with moderate, 【제목키워드】 COVID-19, progression, Neutralizing antibody response, acute phase, Delayed,