Abstract
Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected millions globally, with a continued need for effective treatments. N-acetylglucosamine has anti-inflammatory activities and modulates immune response. This study evaluated whether N-acetylglucosamine administered orally improves clinical outcomes for patients admitted to the hospital due to COVID-19.
Materials and methods
This single-center, prospective, observational cohort study used a retrospective control group for comparison. Multivariate analyses evaluated whether N-acetylglucosamine was an independent predictor of primary outcomes (rate of intubation, hospital length-of-stay, and mortality) and select secondary outcomes (intensive care unit [ICU] admission, ICU length-of-stay, supplemental oxygen use duration, hospice initiation, and poor clinical outcome [defined as combined hospice initiation/death]).
Results
Of the 50 patients enrolled in the N-acetylglucosamine treatment group, 48 patients had follow-up data (50.0% [24/48] male; median age 63 years, range: 29–88). Multivariate analysis showed the treatment group had improved hospital length-of-stay (β: 4.27 [95% confidence interval (CI) −5.67; −2.85], p < 0.001), ICU admission (odds ratio [OR] 0.32 [95% CI 0.10; 0.96], p = 0.049), and poor clinical outcome (OR 0.30 [95% CI 0.09; 0.86], p = 0.034). Mortality was significantly lower for treatment versus control on univariate analysis (12.5% vs. 28.0%, respectively; p = 0.039) and approached significance on multivariate analysis (p = 0.081).
Conclusions
N-acetylglucosamine administration was associated with reduced hospital length-of-stay, ICU admission rates, and death/hospice rates in adults with COVID-19 compared to those who received standard care alone. An upcoming trial will further investigate N-acetylglucosamine's effects.
Trial Registration
NCT04706416.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, Hospitalization, intensive care units, Hospital mortality, Length of stay, N-Aceytlglucosamine, 【초록키워드】 Treatment, Coronavirus disease 2019, immune response, Mortality, Trial, intensive care, hospital, intubation, anti-inflammatory activity, ICU, Clinical outcome, Registration, Patient, ICU admission, Follow-up, Admission, ICU admission rates, Multivariate analysis, retrospective, administration, Analysis, Odds ratio, supplemental oxygen, Observational cohort study, confidence interval, Primary outcome, control group, standard care, median age, multivariate, single-center, treatment group, secondary outcome, material, Univariate analysis, significantly lower, Administered, Effects, effective, independent, IMPROVE, Result, enrolled, affected, evaluated, reduced, modulate, with COVID-19, 【제목키워드】 Treatment, Observational cohort study,