Abstract
Background
Many thrombotic complications are linked to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Antithrombotic treatments are important for prophylaxis against these thrombotic events.
Objectives
This study was designed to compare enoxaparin and rivaroxaban as prophylactic anticoagulants in moderate cases of COVID-19 in terms of efficacy, safety, and clinical outcomes.
Methods
The study involved 124 patients with moderate COVID-19 (pneumonia without hypoxia) divided into two groups. The first group (G1) comprised 66 patients who received enoxaparin subcutaneously at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg every 12 h until discharge from the hospital. The second group (G2) comprised 58 patients who received oral rivaroxaban at a dose of 10 mg once daily until discharge from the hospital. The outcomes evaluated in this study were as follows: intermediate care unit (IMCU) duration, the number of patients transferred from the IMCU to the intensive care unit (ICU), ICU duration, the total length of hospital stay, in-hospital mortality, and thrombotic and bleeding complications.
Results
No significant differences in IMCU duration (p = 0.39), ICU duration (p = 0.96), and total length of hospital stay (p = 0.73) were observed between the two groups. The percentage of patients requiring ICU admission after hospitalization was 21.2% in G1 and 22.4% in G2 (p = 0.87). The mortality rate was 12.1% in G1 and 10.3% in G2 (p = 0.76). The proportion of patients who had thrombotic complications was 9.1% in G1 and 12.1% in G2 (p = 0.59). The incidence of mild bleeding was 3% in G1 and 1.7% in G2 (p = 0.64).
Conclusion
Either enoxaparin or rivaroxaban may be used as thromboprophylaxis agents in managing patients with moderate COVID-19. Either medication has no clear advantage over the other.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, enoxaparin, Anticoagulants, Thromboprophylaxis, rivaroxaban, 【초록키워드】 Treatment, coronavirus disease, Efficacy, intensive care, Hospitalization, hypoxia, Pneumonia, hospital, outcome, Prophylactic, discharge, clinical outcomes, ICU, Prophylaxis, Patient, ICU admission, bleeding, Mild, complications, mortality rate, incidence, medication, Care, moderate, Thrombotic events, in-hospital mortality, Anticoagulant, dose, Hospital stay, significant difference, two groups, thrombotic, objective, thrombotic complication, Result, involved, proportion, evaluated, patients with moderate, subcutaneously, transferred, 【제목키워드】 Moderate COVID-19, Clinical outcome,