Outbreak of poliomyelitis–Angola, 1999

On March 23, 1999, the Pediatric Hospital in Luanda, Angola, reported 21 cases (three deaths) of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). By April 3, 102 AFP cases had been reported in Luanda and neighboring areas of Bengo province. A preliminary investigation by the Ministry of Health (MOH) indicated that these cases primarily occurred among children aged <5 years; 90% had received two or fewer doses of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV), 4% had received three doses, and 6% had received four doses. Many case-patients resided in overcrowded municipalities where families displaced by civil war had settled. On the basis of preliminary data, MOH suspected the outbreak was poliomyelitis and began planning a vaccination campaign to control the epidemic. Surveillance was strengthened to identify and rapidly investigate reports of AFP cases to determine the extent of the outbreak.