The ongoing pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 has brought tremendous crisis on global health care systems and industrial operations that dramatically affect the economic and social life of numerous individuals worldwide. Understanding anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune responses in population with different genetic backgrounds and tracking the viral evolution are crucial for successful vaccine design. In this study, we reported the generation of CD8 T cell epitopes by a total of 80 alleles of three major class I HLAs using NetMHC 4.0 algorithm for the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, which can be targeted by both B cells and T cells. We found diverse capacities of S protein specific epitope presentation by different HLA alleles with very limited number of predicted epitopes for HLA-B*2705, HLA-B*4402 and HLA-B*4403 and as high as 132 epitopes for HLA-A*6601. Our analysis of 1000 S protein sequences from field isolates collected globally over the past few months identified three recurrent point mutations including L5F, D614G and G1124V. Differential effects of these mutations on CD8 T cell epitope generation by corresponding HLA alleles were observed. Finally, our multiple alignment analysis indicated the absence of seasonal CoV induced cross-reactive CD8 T cells to drive these mutations. Our findings suggested that individuals with certain HLA alleles, such as B*44 are more prone to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Studying anti-S protein specific CD8 T cell immunity in diverse genetic background is critical for better control and prevention of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
【초록키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, pandemic, Mutation, Health care, Immunity, S protein, T cells, SARS-COV-2 infection, SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, Vaccine design, mutations, B cells, Spike protein, B cell, Protein, Epitopes, T cell, Viral, viral evolution, immune responses, SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, Algorithm, understanding, D614G, CoV, HLA, epitope, Health care system, Critical, CD8 T cells, HLA-B, Analysis, Point mutation, CD8 T cell, cross-reactive, life, health care systems, HLA-A, individual, sequence, anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune responses, HLA alleles, allele, HLA allele, anti-S, genetic background, Effect, Affect, isolate, predicted, collected, reported, indicated, absence, suggested, anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune response, the SARS-CoV-2, 【제목키워드】 Spike protein, T cell, epitope, disease, CD8 T cell,