Human malaria is a parasitic disease transmitted through the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito. Most malaria cases in the United States occur in travelers who recently visited areas where malaria is endemic without taking adequate chemoprophylaxis. This report describes five cases of Plasmodium falciparum malaria that occurred in a family residing near Chicago, Illinois, during 2006. These cases underscore the importance of malaria-prevention measures (e.g., avoidance of mosquito bites and appropriate chemoprophylaxis) for travelers to malaria-endemic areas.
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