Immediately from the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers from diverse biomedical and biological disciplines have united to study the novel pandemic virus, SARS-CoV-2. The antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 has been a major focus of COVID-19 research due to its clinical relevance and importance in vaccine and therapeutic development. Isolation and characterization of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 have been accumulating at an unprecedented pace. Most of the SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies to date target the spike (S) protein receptor binding domain (RBD), which engages the host receptor ACE2 for viral entry. Here we review the binding sites and molecular features of monoclonal antibodies that target the SARS-CoV-2 RBD, including a few that also cross-neutralize SARS-CoV. Highlights • The receptor binding domain is a major target of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. • Neutralizing antibodies target various epitopes on the receptor binding domain. • Convergent antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 are observed. • Cross-neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV maps to two RBD epitopes. • Antibody avidity can be crucial for neutralization potency against SARS-CoV-2.
【저자키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, Neutralizing antibodies, SARS-CoV, Epitopes, cross-neutralization, receptor binding domain (RBD), Antibody avidity, RBD natural mutations, Germline-encoded motifs, 【초록키워드】 neutralizing antibody, ACE2, Vaccine, antibody, COVID-19 pandemic, Antibody Response, monoclonal antibody, viral entry, binding site, Receptor binding domain, Protein, RBD, therapeutic, epitope, cross-neutralize, host receptor, neutralization potency, COVID-19 research, MOST, pandemic virus, researcher, engage, accumulating, molecular feature, the SARS-CoV-2, 【제목키워드】 neutralizing antibody, Receptor binding domain, Recognition, the SARS-CoV-2,