Abstract The development of senescence in tissues of different organs and in the immune system are usually investigated independently of each other although during ageing, senescence in both cellular systems develop concurrently. Senescent T cells are highly inflammatory and secrete cytotoxic mediators and express natural killer cells receptors (NKR) that bypass their antigen specificity. Instead they recognize stress ligands that are induced by inflammation or infection of different cell types in tissues. In this article we discuss data on T cell senescence, how it is regulated and evidence for novel functional attributes of senescent T cells. We discuss an interactive loop between senescent T cells and senescent non‐lymphoid cells and conclude that in situations of intense inflammation, senescent cells may damage healthy tissue. While the example for immunopathology induced by senescent cells that we highlight is cutaneous leishmaniasis, this situation of organ damage may apply to other infections, including COVID‐19 and also rheumatoid arthritis, where ageing, inflammation and senescent cells are all part of the same equation. Senescence occurs in tissues as well as in the immune system but the interaction between this is poorly understood. Senescent T cells are pro‐inflammatory, express NK receptors that can act independent of the TCR, and are highly cytotoxic. They recognise stress ligands expressed by cells in inflamed or infected tissues or as a consequence of cellular senescence. Here, we discuss how senescent T cells might contribute to exacerbated tissue damage in infectous contexts by interacting with senescent stromal cells. We focus on cutaneous leishmaniasis as a model for this but suggest that this occurs in other infections such as COVID‐19 and indeed autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.
【저자키워드】 aging, senescence, T cell, 【초록키워드】 Inflammation, Stress, T cells, Infection, immunopathology, immune system, rheumatoid arthritis, Antigen, COVID‐19, Autoimmune disease, specificity, infections, cells, receptor, TCR, cellular senescence, cellular, Evidence, natural killer cell, Ligand, Interaction, Inflammatory, cell type, tissue, tissue damage, tissues, organ damage, Express, organ, while, attribute, Cell, independent, highlight, develop, example, healthy, investigated, exacerbated, functional, contribute, occur, recognize, expressed, regulated, senescent, NK receptor, secrete, senescent cell, 【제목키워드】 immunopathology, senescent,