The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody neutralization response and its evasion by emerging viral variants and variant of concern (VOC) are unknown, but critical to understand reinfection risk and breakthrough infection following vaccination. Antibody immunoreactivity against SARS-CoV-2 antigens and Spike variants, inhibition of Spike-driven virus–cell fusion, and infectious SARS-CoV-2 neutralization were characterized in 807 serial samples from 233 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)–confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) individuals with detailed demographics and followed up to 7 months. A broad and sustained polyantigenic immunoreactivity against SARS-CoV-2 Spike, Membrane, and Nucleocapsid proteins, along with high viral neutralization, was associated with COVID-19 severity. A subgroup of “high responders” maintained high neutralizing responses over time, representing ideal convalescent plasma donors. Antibodies generated against SARS-CoV-2 during the first COVID-19 wave had reduced immunoreactivity and neutralization potency to emerging Spike variants and VOC. Accurate monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses would be essential for selection of optimal responders and vaccine monitoring and design.
【초록키워드】 COVID-19, coronavirus disease, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, convalescent plasma, SARS-CoV-2, Coronavirus disease 2019, Vaccine, coronavirus, vaccination, spike, VoC, severity, variant, COVID-19 severity, risk, Proteins, severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus, RT-PCR, coronavirus 2, variants, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, polymerase chain reaction, Reinfection, Viral, Viral variants, membrane, reverse transcription, spike variants, Breakthrough infection, viral neutralization, donors, SARS-CoV-2 antigen, Responder, respiratory, viral variant, Critical, Antibody neutralization, SARS-CoV-2 neutralization, SARS-CoV-2 spike, SARS-CoV-2 antigens, SARS-CoV-2 antibody response, demographics, Chain Reaction, acute respiratory syndrome, individual, high responders, immunoreactivity, neutralization potency, Nucleocapsid proteins, SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses, polymerase chain, reduced, characterized, representing, sustained, neutralizing response, with COVID-19, 【제목키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, Neutralizing, Longevity, viral variant, breadth,