Background: The role of humoral immunity has been well established in reducing infection risk and facilitating viral clearance in patients with COVID-19. However, the relationship between specific antibody responses and severity of COVID-19 is less well understood. Methods: To address this question and identify gaps in knowledge, we utilized the methodology of a scoping review to interrogate risk of infection and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with iatrogenic and inborn humoral immunodeficiency states based on existing literature. Results: Among patients with iatrogenic B-cell depletion, particularly with agents targeting CD20, our analysis found increased risk of severe COVID-19 and death across a range of underlying disease states. Among patients with humoral inborn errors of immunity with COVID-19, our synthesis found that patients with dysregulated humoral immunity, predominantly common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), may be more susceptible to severe COVID-19 than patients with humoral immunodeficiency states due to X-linked agammaglobulinemia and other miscellaneous forms of humoral immunodeficiency. There were insufficient data to appraise the risk of COVID-19 infection in both populations of patients. Conclusions: Our work identifies potentially significant predictors of COVID-19 severity in patients with humoral immunodeficiency states and highlights the need for larger studies to control for clinical and biologic confounders of disease severity.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, scoping review, inborn errors of immunity, B-cell, Antibodies, CD20, 【초록키워드】 severe COVID-19, Immunity, knowledge, disease severity, Antibody Response, Infection, immunodeficiency, COVID-19 severity, underlying disease, viral clearance, Population, Clinical outcome, Humoral immunity, severity of COVID-19, Patient, death, predictor, methodology, infection risk, CVID, patients, biologic, CD20, Analysis, X-linked agammaglobulinemia, risk of infection, humoral, increased risk, susceptible, risk of COVID-19, confounder, highlight, identify, form, less, question, reducing, dysregulated, COVID-19 in patient, iatrogenic, patients with COVID-19, with COVID-19, 【제목키워드】 review, Depletion,