Background Several immune mechanisms activate in COVID-19 pathogenesis. Usually, coronavirus infection is characterized by dysregulated host immune responses, interleukine-6 increase, hyper-activation of cytotoxic CD8 T lymphocytes. Interestingly, Vitamin D deficiency has been often associated with altered immune responses and infections. In the present study, we evaluated Vitamin D plasma levels in patients affected with different lung involvement during COVID-19 infection. Methods Lymphocyte phenotypes were assessed by flow cytometry. Thoracic CT scan involvement was obtained by an image analysis program. Results Vitamin D levels were deficient in (80%) of patients, insufficient in (6.5%) and normal in (13.5%). Patients with very low Vitamin D plasma levels had more elevated D-Dimer values, a more elevated B lymphocyte cell count, a reduction of CD8 + T lymphocytes with a low CD4/CD8 ratio, more compromised clinical findings (measured by LIPI and SOFA scores) and thoracic CT scan involvement. Conclusions Vitamin D deficiency is associated with compromised inflammatory responses and higher pulmonary involvement in COVID-19 affected patients. Vitamin D assessment, during COVID-19 infection, could be a useful analysis for possible therapeutic interventions. Trial registration: ‘retrospectively registered’.
【초록키워드】 Coronavirus infection, immune response, Vitamin D, lung involvement, CD8, vitamin D deficiency, flow cytometry, lymphocyte, infections, COVID-19 pathogenesis, COVID-19 infection, CT scan, Patient, phenotype, plasma, T lymphocytes, patients, immune mechanism, B lymphocyte, Inflammatory response, Analysis, reduction, Clinical finding, vitamin D level, pulmonary involvement, Registered, therapeutic interventions, host immune responses, CD4/CD8, cell count, Thoracic CT scan, SOFA scores, Result, affected, evaluated, elevated, characterized, activate, dysregulated, was obtained, COVID-19 affected patients, had more, LIPI, were assessed, 【제목키워드】 prognostic, COVID-19 patient, vitamin D level,