Occurrence and management of leprosy reaction in China in 2005

[[[ Background: ]]] Leprosy reactions are a major cause of disability before, during and after anti-bacterial treatment. Prompt diagnosis and correct management of reaction is a crucial matter for improving the quality of leprosy health services. [[[ Objectives: ]]] To describe the pattern of leprosy reaction and its management in China during 2005. [[[ Methods: ]]] A retrospective survey using a questionnaire was carried out in all the provinces of China at the beginning of 2006. Patients included were those presenting with leprosy reaction between 1 January and 31 December 2005. [[[ Results: ]]] 452 questionnaires from 25 provinces were analysed. There were 313 male and 139 female patients who had 159 Type I reactions, 273 Type II reactions and 20 Type I and II mixed reaction. 72.4% of reactions occurred in the first year of MDT and 27.6% of patients during the second year of MDT. The highest frequency of reaction was during the first 6 months of MDT; 57.3% of patients developed new nerve impairment during and after MDT. [[[ Conclusions: ]]] New nerve function impairment and disability still occurs among patients during and after MDT. The early detection and management of leprosy reaction remains important.