Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult, immunomodulatory stem cells which reside in almost all postnatal tissues. Viral antigens and damage-associated molecular patterns released from injured and infected cells activate MSCs, which elicit strong antiviral immune response. MSC-sourced interferons and inflammatory cytokines modulate the cytotoxicity of NK cells and CTLs, enhance the antigen-presentation properties of DCs and macrophages, regulate cytokine synthesis in CD4+ T helper cells and promote antibody production in B cells. After the elimination of viral pathogens, MSCs produce immunoregulatory cytokines and trophic factors, prevent the over-activation of immune cells and promote tissue repair and regeneration. In this review article, we summarize the current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms that are responsible for the MSC-dependent elimination of virus-infected cells, and we emphasize the therapeutic potential of MSCs and their secretomes in the treatment of viral diseases.
【저자키워드】 viruses, therapy, Diseases, immunomodulation, Mesenchymal stem cells, 【초록키워드】 Treatment, macrophages, knowledge, B cells, NK cell, interferon, cytotoxicity, MSCs, cytokine, molecular mechanism, Antigen, immunomodulatory, Factors, Viral diseases, mesenchymal stem cell, tissue repair, Inflammatory cytokine, Immune cell, regulate, MSC, antibody production, CTLs, stem cell, T helper cell, Secretome, antiviral immune response, damage-associated molecular pattern, tissues, virus-infected cells, therapeutic potential, CD4+, viral pathogens, infected cell, Prevent, antigen-presentation, ENhance, responsible, modulate, elicit, promote, activate, released, immunoregulatory cytokine, 【제목키워드】 STEM,