The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants in different continents is causing a major concern in human global health. These variants have in common a higher transmissibility, becoming dominant within populations in a short time, and an accumulation of a high number of mutations in the spike (S) protein, especially within the amino terminal domain (NTD) and the receptor binding domain (RBD). These mutations have direct implications on virus infection rates through higher affinity of S RBD for the cellular angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptor. There are also signs of enhanced virulence, re-infection frequency, and increased resistance to the action of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies from convalescence sera and in vaccinated individuals in regions where the variants spread dominantly. In this review, we describe the different SARS-CoV-2 variants that have thus far been identified in various parts of the world with mutational changes and biological properties as well as their impact in medical countermeasures and human health.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Mutation, Neutralizing antibodies, variant, vaccine efficacy, Spike protein, Lineage, 【초록키워드】 SARS-CoV-2 variant, Population, Receptor binding domain, ACE-2, Spread, Protein, Region, Health, Transmissibility, RBD, sera, Re-infection, NTD, receptor, virus infection, angiotensin-converting enzyme-2, virulence, change, monoclonal, Coronavirus-2, cellular, Frequency, polyclonal antibody, acute respiratory syndrome, domain, S RBD, higher affinity, vaccinated individual, dominant, implication, biological property, medical countermeasure, 【제목키워드】 Impact, Program,