SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays are crucial in managing the COVID-19 pandemic. Approved mRNA COVID-19 vaccines are well known to induce a serum antibody responses against the spike protein and its RBD. Mucosal immunity plays a major role in the fight against COVID-19 directly at the site of virus entry; however, vaccine abilities to elicit mucosal immune responses have not been reported. We detected anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA-S1 and IgG-RBD in three study populations (healthy controls, vaccinated subjects, and subjects recovered from COVID-19 infection) on serum, saliva, and nasal secretions using two commercial immunoassays (ELISA for IgA-S1 and chemiluminescent assay for IgG-RBD). Our results show that the mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine Comirnaty (Pfizer/BioNTech, New York, NY, USA) determines the production of nasal and salivary IgA-S1 and IgG-RBD against SARS-CoV-2. This mucosal humoral immune response is stronger after the injection of the second vaccine dose compared to subjects recovered from COVID-19. Since there is a lack of validated assays on saliva and nasal secretions, this study shows that our pre-analytical and analytical procedures are consistent with the data. Our findings indicate that the mRNA COVID-19 vaccine elicits antigen-specific nasal and salivary immune responses, and that mucosal antibody assays could be used as candidates for non-invasive monitoring of vaccine-induced protection against viral infection.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Vaccine, Immunity, nasal, BNT162b2, IgA, mucosal, salivary, IgG-RBD, 【초록키워드】 viral infection, Saliva, COVID-19 vaccine, COVID-19 pandemic, mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine, virus, anti-SARS-CoV-2, ELISA, vaccine dose, serum, SARS-CoV-2 antibody, COVID-19 infection, RBD, mRNA, immune responses, response, humoral immune response, antibody assay, USA, New York, Pfizer/BioNTech, Chemiluminescent assay, mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, Non-invasive, study population, subject, secretion, candidate, injection, healthy controls, mucosal immune, commercial immunoassay, lack, reported, determine, subjects, the spike protein, elicit, induce, serum antibody response, 【제목키워드】 response, mRNA BNT162b2, natural,