Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that mainly affects the lungs. COVID-19 symptoms include the presence of fevers, dry coughs, fatigue, sore throat, headaches, diarrhea, and a loss of taste or smell. However, it is understood that SARS-CoV-2 is neurotoxic and neuro-invasive and could enter the central nervous system (CNS) via the hematogenous route or via the peripheral nerve route and causes encephalitis, encephalopathy, and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) in COVID-19 patients. This review discusses the possibility of SARS-CoV-2-mediated Multiple Sclerosis (MS) development in the future, comparable to the surge in Parkinson’s disease cases following the Spanish Flu in 1918. Moreover, the SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with a cytokine storm. This review highlights the impact of these modulated cytokines on glial cell interactions within the CNS and their role in potentially prompting MS development as a secondary disease by SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 is neurotropic and could interfere with various functions of neurons leading to MS development. The influence of neuroinflammation, microglia phagocytotic capabilities, as well as hypoxia-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration, are mechanisms that may ultimately trigger MS development.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus, multiple sclerosis, Neuroinflammation, 【초록키워드】 Cytokine storm, fatigue, Infection, cytokine, diarrhea, Encephalitis, Lungs, Respiratory disease, Encephalopathy, Central nervous system, microglia, mitochondrial dysfunction, disease, CNS, neurodegeneration, mechanism, function, COVID-19 patients, Interaction, Parkinson’s disease, COVID-19 symptom, Neuron, sore throat, Headaches, acute respiratory syndrome, loss of taste, fevers, coughs, Multiple, sclerosis, Spanish, Affect, neurotropic, highlight, neurotoxic, glial cell, caused, include, interfere, comparable, cause, modulated, hematogenous, the SARS-CoV-2, 【제목키워드】 report, Multiple, role, Potential,