Background The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted surveillance activities for multiple pathogens. Since March 2020, there was a decline in the number of reports of norovirus and Campylobacter recorded by England’s national laboratory surveillance system. The aim is to estimate and compare the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on norovirus and Campylobacter surveillance data in England. Methods We utilised two quasi-experimental approaches based on a generalised linear model for sequential count data. The first approach estimates overall impact and the second approach focuses on the impact of specific elements of the pandemic response (COVID-19 diagnostic testing and control measures). The following time series (27, 2015–43, 2020) were used: weekly laboratory-confirmed norovirus and Campylobacter reports, air temperature, conducted Sars-CoV-2 tests and Index of COVID-19 control measures stringency. Results The period of Sars-CoV-2 emergence and subsequent sustained transmission was associated with persistent reductions in norovirus laboratory reports (p = 0.001), whereas the reductions were more pronounced during pandemic emergence and later recovered for Campylobacter (p = 0.075). The total estimated reduction was 47% – 79% for norovirus (12–43, 2020). The total reduction varied by time for Campylobacter , e.g. 19% – 33% in April, 1% – 7% in August. Conclusion Laboratory reporting of norovirus was more adversely impacted than Campylobacter by the COVID-19 pandemic. This may be partially explained by a comparatively stronger effect of behavioural interventions on norovirus transmission and a relatively greater reduction in norovirus testing capacity. Our study underlines the differential impact a pandemic may have on surveillance of gastrointestinal infectious diseases.
【초록키워드】 COVID-19, pandemic, Diseases, COVID-19 pandemic, diagnostic, Transmission, Laboratory, activity, Measures, Surveillance, Pathogens, temperature, estimate, England, Campylobacter, Behavioural intervention, reduction, index, measure, surveillance data, National, laboratory-confirmed, element, Linear model, approach, Result, greater, subsequent, conducted, explained, reductions in, reduction in, sustained, recorded, impacted, utilised, 【제목키워드】 COVID-19 pandemic, Laboratory, Campylobacter, approach,