ABSTRACT Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a transcription factor that plays critical roles during the cellular response to hypoxia. Under normoxic conditions, its function is tightly regulated by the degradation of its alpha subunit (HIF-1α), which impairs the formation of an active heterodimer in the nucleus that otherwise regulates the expression of numerous genes. Importantly, HIF-1 participates in both cancer and infectious diseases unveiling new therapeutic targets for those ailments. Here, we discuss aspects related to the activation of HIF-1, the effects of this transcription factor over immune system components, as well as the involvement of HIF-1 activity in response to viral infections in humans. Although HIF-1 is currently being assessed in numerous clinical settings as a potential therapy for different diseases, up to date, there are no clinical studies evaluating the pharmacological modulation of this transcription factor as a possible new antiviral treatment. However, based on the available evidence, clinical trials targeting this molecule are likely to occur soon. In this review we discuss the role of HIF-1 in viral immunity, the modulation of HIF-1 by different types of viruses, as well as the effects of HIF-1 over their life cycle and the potential use of HIF-1 as a new target for the treatment of viral infections.
【저자키워드】 hypoxia, RNA viruses, DNA viruses, Virus life cycle, normoxia, viral treatment, 【초록키워드】 Treatment, viruses, viral infection, clinical trial, Immunity, Cancer, Antiviral treatment, Infectious disease, immune system, viral infections, humans, Alpha, Degradation, expression, Critical, cellular response, clinical study, Evidence, regulate, therapeutic target, transcription factor, Activation, subunit, modulation, components, clinical setting, HIF-1α, nucleus, HIF-1, different diseases, potential therapy, pharmacological, Effect, Genes, in viral, occur, regulated, conditions, impair, normoxic, 【제목키워드】 viral infection,