Avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) poses economic threat to the poultry industry worldwide. Pathogenic IBV 3575/08 was isolated from broilers vaccinated with the attenuated viral vaccine derived from a Taiwan strain 2575/98. In this study, extensive investigations were conducted on the genome sequences, antigenicity, pathogenicity, and host immune responses of several IBV strains in specific-pathogen-free chickens. Sequence analyses revealed that 3575/08 and 2575/98 shared high homology in their structural genes, but not in non-structural accessory proteins such as 3a, 3b and 5b. Despite a high degree of homology in their spike protein genes, cross neutralization test showed low cross protection between 3575/08 and 2575/98, suggesting distinct antigenicity for the two strains. Animal challenge experiments exhibited strong respiratory and renal pathogenicity for 3575/08. In addition, early and prolonged viral shedding and rapid viral dissemination were observed. Immune gene expression profiling by PCR array showed chickens infected with 3575/08 had delayed expression of a subset of early innate immune genes, whereas chickens infected with the wild-type or attenuated-type 2575/08 revealed quick gene induction and efficient virus control. In summary, this study reveals a new IBV strain, which harbors a known local genotype but displays remarkably altered antigenicity, pathogenicity and host defenses.
【초록키워드】 Vaccine, coronavirus, neutralization, Local, virus, Spike protein, PCR, Host immune response, animal, Genotype, Gene expression profiling, cross, antigenicity, experiment, pathogenicity, dissemination, prolonged viral shedding, Taiwan, expression, Strains, accessory protein, Analysis, Genome sequences, strain, cross protection, Infectious Bronchitis Virus, wild-type, homology, renal, innate immune genes, Host, IBV, Genes, addition, conducted, exhibited, reveal, subset, gene induction, 【제목키워드】 coronavirus, Innate immunity, Genotype, antigenicity, pathogenicity, identification, bronchitis, classical, exhibiting,