Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The infection is spreading globally and poses a huge threat to human health. Besides common respiratory symptoms, some patients with COVID-19 experience gastrointestinal symptoms, such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. SARS-CoV-2 might infect the gastrointestinal tract through its viral receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and there is increasing evidence of a possible fecal–oral transmission route. In addition, there exist multiple abnormalities in liver enzymes. COVID-19-related liver injury may be due to drug-induced liver injury, systemic inflammatory reaction, and hypoxia–ischemia reperfusion injury. The direct toxic attack of SARS-CoV-2 on the liver is still questionable. This review highlights the manifestations and potential mechanisms of gastrointestinal and hepatic injuries in COVID-19 to raise awareness of digestive system injury in COVID-19.
【저자키워드】 Infectious diseases, Gastrointestinal diseases, 【초록키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, ACE2, coronavirus, Infection, diarrhea, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, Health, Liver injury, receptor, liver, gastrointestinal tract, Evidence, Drug-induced liver injury, liver enzymes, gastrointestinal symptoms, Injury, Fecal–oral transmission, manifestation, respiratory symptoms, digestive system, acute respiratory syndrome, potential mechanism, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, hepatic injury, abnormality, reperfusion injury, infect, highlight, raise, systemic inflammatory, caused, addition, patients with COVID-19, 【제목키워드】 liver, clinical feature, potential mechanism,