Introduction Understanding the impact of behaviors on COVID-19 severity can improve health promotion strategies. We investigated the association between health-related behaviors and odds of hospitalization for COVID-19 in a cohort of military personnel. Methods This case-controlled study compared all active-duty US Air Force service members hospitalized for COVID-19 between March 5, 2020, and March 10, 2021 (cases), with their geographically matched peers who had COVID-19 and were treated as outpatients (controls). We used logistic regression to compare cases and controls according to self-reported sleep duration, physical activity, dietary factors, binge alcohol consumption, and tobacco use — with and without adjustment for sociodemographic factors, body mass index, physical fitness level, pertinent disease history, and psychological distress — resulting in crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs. The trend between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and hospitalization odds was assessed by using the Cochran-Armitage test. Results Ninety-three hospitalized cases were matched to 372 ambulatory controls. Adjusting for baseline characteristics and other health-related behaviors, cases were more likely than controls to report fewer than 7 hours of sleep, compared with 7 to 9 hours (OR = 1.84; 95% CI, 1.07–3.16), and were more likely than controls to consume 3 or more SSBs per week, compared with fewer than 3 SSBs (OR = 1.74; 95% CI, 1.03–2.92). In a dose–response relationship, higher SSB consumption was associated with greater odds of being hospitalized ( P value for trend = .02). Conclusion Interventions that address short sleep duration and SSB consumption may reduce morbidity from COVID-19 among military service members and potentially in the broader US population.
【초록키워드】 COVID-19, Hospitalized, Hospitalization, physical activity, COVID-19 severity, alcohol, Cohort, body mass index, Health, morbidity, Psychological distress, Control, Factors, Logistic regression, understanding, disease, association, Outpatient, p value, adjusted odds ratio, 95% CI, baseline characteristics, sociodemographic factors, 95% CIs, force, controls, physical, Cochran-Armitage test, IMPROVE, Result, greater, resulting, investigated, treated, reduce, Adjusting, SSB, 【제목키워드】 COVID-19, Population, Behavior,