There is high mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-infected individuals with chronic inflammatory diseases, like obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. A cytokine storm in some patients after infection contributes to this mortality. In addition to lungs, the intestine is targeted during COVID-19 infection. The intestinal membrane serves as a barrier to prevent leakage of microorganisms and their products into the bloodstream; however, dietary fats can affect the gut microbiome and may increase intestinal permeability. ABSTRACT There is high mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-infected individuals with chronic inflammatory diseases, like obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. A cytokine storm in some patients after infection contributes to this mortality. In addition to lungs, the intestine is targeted during COVID-19 infection. The intestinal membrane serves as a barrier to prevent leakage of microorganisms and their products into the bloodstream; however, dietary fats can affect the gut microbiome and may increase intestinal permeability. In obese or diabetic individuals, there is an increase in the abundance of either Gram-negative bacteria in the gut or their product, endotoxin, in systemic circulation. We speculate that when the COVID-19 infection localizes in the intestine and when the permeability properties of the intestinal membrane are compromised, an inflammatory response is generated when proinflammatory endotoxin, produced by resident Gram-negative bacteria, leaks into the systemic circulation. This review discusses conditions contributing to inflammation that are triggered by microbially derived factors from the gut.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, Cytokine storm, diet, intestine, endotoxin, gut bacteria, 【초록키워드】 coronavirus disease, Inflammation, Mortality, obesity, Infection, diabetes, hypertension, proinflammatory, COVID-19 infection, Lungs, Patient, Microbiome, membrane, circulation, microorganism, Inflammatory response, intestinal permeability, Gut, Gram-negative bacteria, Diabetic, Factor, individual, obese, high mortality, chronic inflammatory diseases, Affect, fat, Prevent, intestinal, produced, addition, condition, contribute, increase in, contributing to, triggered, individuals, 【제목키워드】 acid, dietary, Can,