Abstract Public health preparedness for coronavirus (CoV) disease 2019 (COVID-19) is challenging in the absence of setting-specific epidemiological data. Here we describe the epidemiology of seasonal CoVs (sCoVs) and other cocirculating viruses in the West of Scotland, United Kingdom. We analyzed routine diagnostic data for >70 000 episodes of respiratory illness tested molecularly for multiple respiratory viruses between 2005 and 2017. Statistical associations with patient age and sex differed between CoV-229E, CoV-OC43, and CoV-NL63. Furthermore, the timing and magnitude of sCoV outbreaks did not occur concurrently, and coinfections were not reported. With respect to other cocirculating respiratory viruses, we found evidence of positive, rather than negative, interactions with sCoVs. These findings highlight the importance of considering cocirculating viruses in the differential diagnosis of COVID-19. Further work is needed to establish the occurrence/degree of cross-protective immunity conferred across sCoVs and with COVID-19, as well as the role of viral coinfection in COVID-19 disease severity. Our study provides a comprehensive evaluation of in whom, and when, seasonal coronavirus infections occur. We compare infection patterns across coronavirus types, evaluate evidence of interactions with other respiratory viruses, and discuss implications for newly emerged coronavirus disease 2019.
【저자키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, Coinfection, Disease surveillance, acute respiratory infections, virus-virus interactions, 【초록키워드】 COVID-19, coronavirus disease, Coronavirus infection, coronavirus, Epidemiology, Infection, diagnostic, Respiratory illness, respiratory viruses, Health, outbreak, Patient, CoV, epidemiological data, United Kingdom, disease, differential diagnosis, cross-protective immunity, association, Evidence, Interaction, CoV-229E, CoV-OC43, COVID-19 disease severity, West, positive, CoV-NL63, Public, implication, highlight, tested, analyzed, evaluate, virus, respiratory virus, reported, provide, absence, occur, magnitude, age and sex, the timing, with COVID-19, 【제목키워드】 emergence, seasonal, Context, Establishing,