In December 2019, a novel human-infecting coronavirus, named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was recognised to cause a pneumonia epidemic outbreak with different degrees of severity in Wuhan, Hubei Province in China. Since then, this epidemic has spread worldwide; in Europe, Italy has been involved. Effective preventive and therapeutic strategies are absolutely required to block this serious public health concern. Unfortunately, few studies about SARS-CoV-2 concerning its immunopathogenesis and treatment are available. On the basis of the assumption that the SARS-CoV-2 is genetically related to SARS-CoV (about 82 % of genome homology) and that its characteristics, like the modality of transmission or the type of the immune response it may stimulate, are still poorly known, a literature search was performed to identify the reports assessing these elements in patients with SARS-CoV-induced infection. Therefore, we have analysed: (1) the structure of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV; (2) the clinical signs and symptoms and pathogenic mechanisms observed during the development of acute respiratory syndrome and the cytokine release syndrome; (3) the modification of the cell microRNome and of the immune response in patients with SARS infection; and (4) the possible role of some fat-soluble compounds (such as vitamins A, D and E) in modulating directly or indirectly the replication ability of SARS-CoV-2 and host immune response.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, therapy, SARS, vitamins, 【초록키워드】 Treatment, public health, SARS-CoV-2, Corona virus, coronavirus, Europe, immune response, Pneumonia, SARS-CoV, severity, Genome, Infection, Transmission, cytokine, Symptom, Italy, vitamins, Cytokine release syndrome, Replication, Spread, China, Severe acute respiratory syndrome, Epidemic, Characteristics, Host immune response, Corona, outbreak, Immunopathogenesis, Signs and symptoms, Wuhan, Patient, Clinical signs, Vitamin, respiratory, pathogenic mechanism, therapeutic strategy, the cell, acute respiratory syndrome, Compound, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus, homology, SARS infection, assumption, cytokine release, modality, Modification, pathogenic mechanisms, element, fat-soluble, Clinical sign, Cell, identify, patients with SARS, involved, required, was performed, stimulate, concerning, modulating, the SARS-CoV-2, 【제목키워드】 antivirals, severity, drug, Patient, disease, immunomodulatory activity, Therapeutic approach,