HIV-associated comorbidities, such as ischemic stroke, are prevalent in people with HIV (PWH). Several studies both in animal models and humans revealed an association between inflammasome activation in HIV-1 infection and stroke. The gut microbiota is an important component in controlling neuroinflammation in the central nervous system (CNS). It has also been proposed to be involved in the pathobiology of HIV-1 infection, and has been associated with an increase in inflammasome activation. In this review, we provide an overview of the microbiota-gut-inflammasome-brain axis, focusing on the NLRP3 inflammasome and microbiome dysregulation as risk factors that may contribute to ischemic stroke outcome and recovery in PWH. We also focus on the potential of targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome as a novel therapeutic approach for PWH who are at risk of developing cerebrovascular diseases.
【저자키워드】 gut microbiome, Brain, AIDS, gut microbiota, cerebrovascular, Neurovascular,