The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) triggered by the new member of the coronaviridae family, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has created an unprecedented challenge for global health. In addition to mild to moderate clinical manifestations such as fever, cough, and fatigue, severe cases often developed lethal complications including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and acute lung injury. Given the alarming rate of infection and increasing trend of mortality, the development of underlying therapeutic and preventive treatment, as well as the verification of its effectiveness, are the top priorities. Current research mainly referred to and evaluated the application of the empirical treatment based on two precedents, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), including antiviral drugs targeting different stages of virus replication, immunotherapy modulating the overactivated inflammation response, and other therapies such as herbal medicine and mesenchymal stem cells. Besides, the ongoing development of inventing prophylactic interventions such as various vaccines by companies and institutions worldwide is crucial to decline morbidity and mortality. This review mainly focused on promising candidates for the treatment of COVID-19 and collected recently updated evidence relevant to its feasibility in clinical practice in the near future.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Vaccines, Immunotherapy, antiviral drugs, 【초록키워드】 Treatment, coronavirus disease, stem cells, ARDS, Vaccine, coronavirus, therapy, Mortality, fatigue, feasibility, Intervention, Prophylactic, MERS, cough, acute lung injury, antiviral drug, Health, outbreak, Fever, therapeutic, Research, Effectiveness, Complication, Mild, virus replication, morbidity and mortality, moderate, Clinical practice, acute respiratory distress, Evidence, Middle East, clinical manifestation, acute respiratory syndrome, syndrome, Stage, candidate, Severe case, inflammation response, current, collected, addition, evaluated, triggered, modulating, rate of infection, 【제목키워드】 Treatment, Vaccine, preventive intervention, pharmacological agent,