The gastrointestinal tract is the body’s largest interface between the host and the external environment. People infected with SARS-CoV-2 are at higher risk of microbiome alterations and severe diseases. Recent evidence has suggested that the pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms associated with gastrointestinal complicity in SARS-CoV-2 infection could be explained by the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) cell receptors. These receptors are overexpressed in the gut lining, leading to a high intestinal permeability to foreign pathogens. It is believed that SARS-CoV-2 has a lesser likelihood of causing liver infection because of the diminished expression of ACE2 in liver cells. Interestingly, an interconnection between the lungs, brain, and gastrointestinal tract during severe COVID-19 has been mentioned. We hope that this review on the molecular mechanisms related to the gastrointestinal disorders as well as neurological and hepatic manifestations experienced by COVID-19 patients will help scientists to find a convenient solution for this and other pandemic events.
【저자키워드】 Spike protein, Neurological symptoms, coronavirus disease 19, angiotensin-converting enzyme-2, gut flora, hepatic derangements, 【초록키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, ACE2, pandemic, Diseases, severe COVID-19, SARS-COV-2 infection, Infection, molecular mechanism, Brain, Lungs, Microbiome, Pathogens, receptor, expression, liver, gastrointestinal tract, Evidence, intestinal permeability, neurological, COVID-19 patient, manifestation, Gut, liver cells, higher risk, alteration, help, disorder, Host, recent, likelihood, cell receptors, events, explained, suggested, overexpressed, infected with SARS-CoV-2, pathophysiological, 【제목키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Human, Gastrointestinal, problem, hepatic,